BEFORE TILL archival sealBefore TillThe Living Evidence Archive

Research by Amberly R. Carter-Mills

Research Briefs

Each brief states a question, the sources consulted, the evidence drawn from them, the current conclusion, and what remains unresolved. Briefs are versioned; older versions are superseded, not deleted.

Research & Interpretation byAmberly R. Carter-MillsFounder, Creator & Descendant Archivist

Evidence cases

Case briefs

  • Case brief

    Laura Tolliver Smith

    Case 001 · enslavement, literacy, and the Vicksburg College tradition

    Public Beta · Version 0.1 · Amberly R. Carter-Mills

  • Case brief

    Hilliard Taliaferro / Tolliver

    Case 002 · estate records, sale, separation, and the road to freedom

    Public Beta · Version 0.1 · Amberly R. Carter-Mills

  • Case brief

    Bettie Alexander Tolliver

    Case 003 · the silent years and the record that first carries her name

    Public Beta · Version 0.1 · Amberly R. Carter-Mills

  • Case brief

    John Smith

    Case 004 · household, marriage, and the limits of a common name

    Public Beta · Version 0.1 · Amberly R. Carter-Mills

Family and descendant analysis

Reconstruction and branch briefs

  • Family reconstruction

    The Smith family, 1870–1910

    Household by household, with the 1890 gap left visible.

    Read the brief
  • Branch project 001

    George Smith → Emmett Till

    The generations behind a name the world learned in 1955.

    Read the brief
  • Branch project 002

    Amanda Smith → Amberly R. Carter-Mills

    The founder's own descent, held to the same standard as every other line.

    Read the brief

The relationship between Emmett Till and Amberly R. Carter-Mills is computed from the published parent–child links rather than asserted, and is presented with its own evidence trail and revision history at Where the Branches Meet.

Filed in the archive

Published briefs of record

  • BT-BRF-00027 · v1 ·

    The Smith–Tolliver Family Line

  • BT-BRF-00028 · v1 ·

    Laura Tolliver Smith

  • BT-BRF-00029 · v1 ·

    Hilliard & Bettie Taliaferro

  • BT-BRF-00030 · v1 ·

    The Family Before 1955

Every brief is original analysis by Amberly R. Carter-Mills. The historical records it cites belong to their repositories. For the correct form of citation, see Cite BEFORE TILL.